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The JD Power and Associates 2008 Vehicle Dependability Study, which tracks the number of problems owners experience with a car over the first three years of ownership, has found that Lexus owners reported a mere 120 problems per 100 vehicles, well below the industry average of 206 problems per 100 cars.

The study asked 52,000 original owners about their experiences with their cars.

While Lexus came out on top, Land Rover owners seem to get the blunt end of the stick. Not only did Land Rover notch up its third wooden spoon in a row in the study, with a whopping 344 problems per 100 vehicles, but it also ranks consistently at the bottom in JD Power's other well regarded survey, the Initial Quality Study.

The Initial Quality Study rates the number of problems experienced by owners in the first 90 days of ownership.

The Vehicle Dependability Study had several surprising results.

Jaguar, Land Rover's stable-mate and now under the new ownership of Indian conglomerate Tata, ranks 10th with 178 problems per 100 vehicles. That's significantly better than the industry average of 206 problems per 100 vehicles.

Other European makers don't appear to be able to translate good initial quality results into longer term dependability.

Porsche, which is number one in the Initial Quality Study, ranks 11th in the Vehicle Dependability Study with an average of 193 problems per 100 vehicles (still below the average of 206).

Audi also slips from 10th in initial quality to a below-average 16th in dependability, with 207 problems per 100 vehicles.

But the biggest loser is Mercedes-Benz, which came in at 17th in the three-year dependability survey, with 215 problems, compared with 4th place in the initial quality survey.

BMW and MINI, despite being under the same ownership, are at opposite ends of the spectrum, with BMW coming in at 7th position in the Vehicle Dependability Study.

Owners of BMWs found there were 164 problems per 100 vehicles, while owners of MINI reported 233 problems, putting it well below the industry average and in 25th position, surrounded by the likes of Chevrolet and Dodge.

Another pair of companies with diametrically opposed scores was Hyundai and sister company Kia. Hyundai, which consistently scores well in both the Vehicle Dependability Study and the Initial Quality Study, came in 13th, with 200 problems per 100 vehicles.

Kia was rattling around near the bottom of the Vehicle Dependability Study league table, its score of 278 problems bettering only Suzuki with 302 problems per 100 vehicles and, of course, Land Rover.

Chrysler's vehicles consistently score poorly in the Vehicle Dependability Study , with Jeep, Dodge and Chrysler branded cars all experiencing well above the industry average number of problems per 100 cars.

Chrysler owners reported 229 problems per 100 vehicles, while Dodge owners reported 230 problems. Jeep scored near the bottom, in 31st position, with 253 problems.

Notably, Jeep scored better than Volkswagen, which has 253 problems, and ahead of Saab, with 254 problems.

Despite its poor performance, however, Saab was actually the most improved vehicle in the dependability study, lowering its score by 65 problems per 100 vehicles since 2007.

Fellow Swedish brand Volvo didn't cover itself with glory either, averaging 244 problems, 100 problems below former stable-mate Land Rover.

Ford-owned brands generally scored well, with Mercury coming in at number two for dependability. Its owners reported 151 problems per 100 vehicles three years after purchase. Lincoln also did well, reporting 165 problems, while Ford-branded cars were also just above the industry average, with 204 problems per 100 cars. That puts Ford neck and neck with Nissan's upmarket nameplate, Infiniti, which isn't yet sold in Australia.

Infiniti, by contrast, comes in at number two behind Porsche in the Initial Quality Study, while Ford comes in at 8th position in that study.

General Motors products score consistently poorly, with Hummer, Saturn and Saab all below average, as is Pontiac, which scored 225 problems per 100 vehicles. The Holden Commodore is sold as a Pontiac G8 in the United States and the Holden Ute will soon be sold in the US.

The only bright spots for GM were with Cadillac, which scored third place in the study, up from its 11th place in the Initial Quality Study. Cadillac is coming to Australia before the end of 2008.

A surprising win for GM was with Buick, a brand generally regarded as stuffy and boring. Buick came in 6th place in the Vehicle Dependability Study, its owners reporting 163 problems per 100 vehicles.

The most common problems reported by owners three years after purchase include excessive wind noise, noisy brakes and the vehicle pulling to the left or the right.

Other problems reported include issues with the instrument panel and dashboard, and excessive window fogging.